In the name of Allah, Most Gracious , Most Merciful
Ministry of Social Welfare , Women and Child Affair
Graduate Employment Fund
"An opportunity for free- job and decent life for every graduate, in order to realize social goals
justice …
sufficiency and
equality "
Introduction :
Sudan is largest country in Africa with total area of about 2 million sq/km.
The country is characterized with diversity of culture and ethnic origins and languages and local dialects. The population size is estimated at about 32 million persons individuals according to the last census 1993.
70% of the population live in rural areas .
The average income per head of around 4.000 $ annually .
§ The percent time the Sudan is undergoing social and economic changes after the emd pf the war in the south which lasted for more than twenty years. § Arrangements for the implementing the peace theaty and the realization and resolving economic and social problems of comperhensive development and social Justice has been made.Economic conditionThe sudan enjoys great economic potentially and annual growth rate over 8%The agricultural sand area is about 200 million Fdans.Sudan is reach with water and animal resources and has more than 1.3 million head of animals.The animal wealth has witnessed as experisend high growth rate during the 90s .
In addition to animal and agricultural wealth Sudan is rich with mineral resources as petroleum gold, iron, copper, zinc, and chuan.
§ The total present production is 5.000 thousand barrels per day and has large reserves . § The present efforts by the government aimat increasing foreign investment in the perduen and exports § There fore the go,s the services sector contributed more than 50% of the GDP. § The contribution of the services sector in the GDP during the 90,s decreased from 50% to 32.1% where as the contribution of agricultural and industrial sector increase.
Causes of the emergency of unemployment phonomena :
International economic developments and the negative impact of advanced technology and capital intensive investments on employment .
The instability of the local employment market; and constant change:
1- The local labour market is characterized by both surpluses and shortages at the them time .
2- The poor infrastructures in rural areas which result in reduced work opportunities and encourage rural- urban migration .
3- The low productivity of the dominating traditional production methods which result in low job opportunities in the modern sector and the growth of the informal sector
4- The growth rate of the total of labour force is 3.2% percent whereas the growth rate of the population is 2.6% percent .
Graduates Employment project
Combating the problem of un employment, in general, together with the endeavours to find job opportunities for graduates, are of the problems which highly imposes themselves; Sudan has witnessed greater leap in the field of Education, however, the economy has achieved a stable growing rate, but its effect on poverty and unemployment problems is not satisfactory.
This issue needs a complete revolution, starting with changing the conceptions and policies, to coordinate the efforts and direct them towards the strategic goal; which is:
"An opportunity for free-job and essential life for every graduate in order to reach the society of justice , sufficiency and equality."
Tracks of the project:-
The following four tracks have been adopted to implement the vision:
Interference with policies.
Funding of minor and medium size projects: "a graduate fund"
Transformational training.
Acceptance in national projects.
The first track
The interference with policies:
Objectives:
Diagnosis of the phenomena, to determine its size.
Suggestion of total and partial protection policies.
suggestion and implementation of government direct interference.
What is the implication of unemployment phenomenon among graduates?
Wase of large resources spent on education and training.
Emergence of New Social problems and increase of poverty.
Risk of misusing the graduates, specially in the areas of conflicts .
Social and political instability, which threatens the society and the State at large.
Strategy for completing unemployment
The project prepared a comperhensive strategy for combating unemployment with partenership of a group of scientists and specialists .
The strategy was approved by the high economic of the project and the technical sector of the council of minister and presented to the council of minister and was approved.
The strategy was translated into mid term program covering the period 2005-2008 and targeting 65% of the graduates unemployed.
Salient Features of the strategy
1- Policies :-
Expand the macro-economic model to include recruitment and unemployment indicators so as to translate growth providing more job opportunities .
Harmonization of the general and Sectoral policies with the recruitment and employment policies .
Rehabilitation of the energies in different productive sector; as agriculture and manufacturing .
Adoption of medium technologies, which increase the economic efficiency to absorb the available and needed scientific and professional skills , which may result in job opportunities for graduates and others.
Development of information system to monitor the labour market.
2/ Sectoral Policies
A/ Education Sector :-
Continuation in the expansion and improvement of education taking into consideration the educational programs which must be design to meet the needs of the market and the economy.
Expansion of technical and technological education to attain the international standard (6technicians: 1 professional).
Teach students the value of self reliance and innovation by educational programs and training systems to enable graduates to acquire abilities to help them to organize and manage private projects.
B/ Private sector and investment:-
According to the quart-century strategy, the private sector will represent 75% of the total economy, so the following interference is necessary:
There must be an obligatory minimum number of employment opportunities as a condition in the investment act.
Cease discrimination against small and medium size projects in obtaining concessions.
Additional concessions for the project with more graduates employment opportunities .
Regulate recruitment of foreign workers and assigning priority to nationals .
Activate the temporary recruitment for graduates, for a year with half salary to a enable them to acquire the necessary experience and compete in the labour market.
The Second Track:: Retraining
Objectives :-
Bridging the gab between the higher education out put and the market demand .
Improving Graduates efficiency and skills which enable them to compete in the labour market .
To provide rare specializations to meet; market needs.
Approaches:-
Establishments surveys to identify their needs of technical skills.
Establishing Centers and Units for specialized training.
Establishing links with international and regional training institutions.
Third Track: Recruitment in National Projects
Objective:
-To direct the abilities of the graduates and utilize their potentialities in development, progress and social guidance through their participation in national projects.
-To provide the graduates with additional experience that will help them to join the working life.
Approach:
-Selection and training of graduates to equip them with the knowledge necessary for work.
-Manage co-ordination with other parties concerned
for designing and execution of projects.
Plan:
Recruitment of 10000 graduates in the following projects
• Illiteracy eradication and social guidance in co-ordination with the ministry of education and the national service authority. • Malaria Eradication Project (Northern state – Gazira state). • Participation in population census in co-ordination with the Central Bureau of Statistics . Implemented programs in the national projects:
Fourth track
Financing of small and medium size projects objective:
§ To promote the sprite of free job culture. § To broaden the production base . § To improve the living condition of graduates . Means:
§ Special portfolio for financing the projects of the Graduates. § To be administer by saving social development but with other commercial bank in Sudan.
Approach
The selection of projects with feasibility study of high economic rate of return base on legal partnership registered under business name.
Focus on projects with group partener and the training and follow up of graduates.
The promotion of portfolio states projects committee and improving the ability of the states projects committee to select and follow up the viable projects.
To design and execute studies for model projects table intensive and suitable for replication in other states.
The organization structure of the portfolio
Central planned projects :-
Are medium size projects; planned in the center, to be implemented in the states.
1380 Graduates are planned to be employed within the year 205, into four aspects:
Agricultural services.
Water purifying.
Environment hyegyene.
Tele Centers for Development.
Grand production projects: -
Are a huge projects to be implemented with coordination with:
Agricultural production cities
.Work sponsoring . 1/ Women graduates portfolio
The percentage of unemployed female graduates id larger than employment graduates for the following reasons:
1. The high percentage of female graduates from universities and high statistic in Sudan compared with male graduates 53.7% female is compared to 46.3% male graduates. 2. The tendency in the private sector in Sudan and some states entities organization to employ male than female graduates. 3.the difficult condition for female graduates in rural and hard ship areas.
4. The relactanc of female graduates to work in the filed of self-employment and free investment.
5. the low rate of employment of female graduates in some domains like emigration military service.
For the above reasons the project made arrangement to increase the opportunities for the employment female though:
1. Singing memorandum of understanding with Sudanese women union to assist through providing training and job opportunities for female graduates . 2. To setup special portfolio for female graduates to facilitate the financing of their projects . 3. To conduct training sessions fore project officers & supervisors of the female graduates portfolio . 4. To implement Model projects in three states for the female graduates with capital of 300.000.000 SD. 2/ The Sudanese lawyers union
Objective :
The provision of decent working environment for the young lawyers & the participation in the provision of legal services to cover all demand in different areas .
Means :
Joint committee from both the project & lawyers union to select the qualified graduates & to determined the geographical areas for the new offices & to determined the technical specification for the offices which are suitable with the local condition .
Achievements :
As the first stage already the establishment of 100 offices is completed in Khartoum the & the states.
3/ Coordination with zakah administration
The implementation of the small projects from the financial resources of zakah for the benefits of the poor graduates females.
to benefit from the experience of the project in the implementation and management of small projects .
3.The formulation of an execution non banking mechanisms to select the graduates on the bases of social surveys and selection projects based on feasibility studies and to follow up implementation and evaluation.
4. Committee representing both parts was formulated and will provide the mechanisms implementation and monitoring.
Partnership with private sector
§ Sudan witnessed lately sizable growth in the services sector and specially in construction and maintenance and medical services . § The project designed projects in both areas during the experiences and potential of the private sector in both areas . 1.Kanat for construction and contracting
§ Kanat for construction and contracting company was established as project in partnership with company in the privet sector working in the domain of the construction. § The project provide job opportunities for 150 graduates of engineering and other specialization. § The projects in embodies the procurement and management of mobile units for maintenances and construction . Each unit is made of composed 15 graduates & equipped with all work tools & machinery & under supervision of a privet sector company has long experience in construction . § The project open the main nursery & the selection of the graduates is completed financing provided Graduates of medical studies :
2.Nasif medical company :
A partnership was contracted with Nasif medical company which is specialized in the establishment & management of medical institutions .
The advantage of this partnership is to provide financing training & direct supervision of medical units to be establish for the graduates.
The project enjoys the potential of absorbing large number of graduates of the medical profession in addition the good distribution of medical services .
The study of the project is completed & is now as the stage of implementation
3/ Mass company
It has been a great with mass company to formulate projects suitable for the graduates & responsive to local market demand .
Plan is completed for the management of projects for car maintenance loundary .
The study was completed and equipments were imported after the provision of financing .
The project in the stage of selection graduates the training and commencing the unites.
4/ Partnership for development and animal products
Tile of partnership :network for development and animal products .
Kind of partnership: multiparty partnership( fore ward ,backward linkage). Fully financed .
Partners :The project + DAPC .
Size cost :250.000.000 Ds
Target number : 500 graduate.
Number of projects :100 project
Average finance per head : 500.000 Ds
Nature projects : groups (company under business name).
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